Experts Warn of Intense Solar Storms Capable of Sparking Northern Lights
Warnings have been issued regarding severe solar storms that could potentially light up our skies with remarkable northern lights and cause temporary communication disruptions. These storms are a result of numerous energy emissions, otherwise known as coronal mass ejections, that have been released by the sun in recent days. These ejections are expected to reach our planet soon.
Impacts of Solar Storms
The level of disruption, along with the visibility and intensity of the auroras, will largely depend on the timing of the solar bursts and how they interact with Earth's atmosphere. If conditions are right, the stunning light displays could potentially be seen across a large portion of the northern United States, and even as far south as Alabama and Northern California.
Understanding the Northern Lights
The sun is currently in the peak phase of its 11-year activity cycle, making these light displays more frequent and widespread. This has led to stunning night skies adorned with northern lights in unexpected places. The northern and southern lights, collectively referred to as auroras, are typically seen near the poles. These breathtaking displays occur when charged particles from the sun interact with Earth's atmosphere.
Currently, these lights are being seen deeper into the United States and Europe due to the sun undergoing a significant transformation. Every 11 years, the sun's poles switch places, leading to magnetic twists and tangles that can create spectacular light shows.
Past Solar Storms
Last year, the most powerful geomagnetic storm in over two decades struck Earth, resulting in widespread light displays across the Northern Hemisphere. Shortly after, another significant solar storm caused dancing lights to appear in unexpected locations far away from the Arctic Circle, including Germany, the United Kingdom, New England, and New York City.
This heightened solar activity is expected to persist through the end of the year, however, the peak of this activity will only be determined months afterward.
The Effects of Solar Storms on Earth
Solar storms can have impacts beyond just creating beautiful auroras. When fast-moving particles and plasma from these storms collide with Earth's magnetic field, they can temporarily disrupt power grids. They can also interfere with air traffic control radio and satellites in orbit. In extreme cases, these severe storms can scramble other radio and GPS communications.
Historically, solar storms have had the power to cause significant damage. In 1859, a severe solar storm caused auroras to be visible as far south as Hawaii and sparked fires on telegraph lines. Another solar storm in 1972 may have even triggered the detonation of magnetic sea mines off the Vietnam coast.
Unfortunately, these solar storms cannot be predicted months in advance. However, warnings are usually issued in the days leading up to a solar outburst hitting Earth, allowing relevant parties to prepare accordingly.
How to Witness the Northern Lights
If you're interested in witnessing the northern lights, there are various places where forecasts can be found. It's best to find a quiet, dark location away from city lights to fully appreciate the spectacle. Local or national parks are often recommended for the best experience. However, it's important to check the weather forecast as clouds can completely obstruct the view.
Even if the lights aren't visible to the naked eye, capturing a photo with a smartphone camera may reveal hints of the aurora. So, don't forget to bring your phone along!
